International Harmonisation and the Role of HAKOM
Thanks to the reduction in the cost of manufacturing and launching satellites, networks with a large number of satellites (so-called satellite constellations) are increasingly used to provide services.
Due to the heavy utilisation of GEO and the rapid increase in the deployment of satellites in LEO orbits, outer space is becoming increasingly congested. As a result, there is a growing likelihood of harmful interference in the use of the radiofrequency (RF) spectrum, and there are increasing challenges related to the accumulation of space debris, which can cause significant material damage, as well as concerns regarding the preservation of the sky as cultural heritage and the negative impact of LEO satellites on astronomical observations.
To meet the continuously growing demand for RF spectrum across all sectors that use radio frequencies, including satellite services, and to ensure interference-free operation, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) supervises regular updates to the Radio Regulations, an international treaty regulating the use of radio frequencies and satellite orbits worldwide, including in outer space. The ITU Radio Regulations establish a system of international harmonisation for the radio frequencies used by satellites, with the objective of preventing these systems from causing interference to one another or to other radiocommunication systems.
ITU Member States are responsible for the use of radiocommunication systems within their territories. In the Republic of Croatia, HAKOM is responsible for the assignment of radio frequencies, monitoring their use, and implementing internationally prescribed procedures.
Due to the heavy utilisation of GEO and the rapid increase in the deployment of satellites in LEO orbits, outer space is becoming increasingly congested. As a result, there is a growing likelihood of harmful interference in the use of the radiofrequency (RF) spectrum, and there are increasing challenges related to the accumulation of space debris, which can cause significant material damage, as well as concerns regarding the preservation of the sky as cultural heritage and the negative impact of LEO satellites on astronomical observations.
To meet the continuously growing demand for RF spectrum across all sectors that use radio frequencies, including satellite services, and to ensure interference-free operation, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) supervises regular updates to the Radio Regulations, an international treaty regulating the use of radio frequencies and satellite orbits worldwide, including in outer space. The ITU Radio Regulations establish a system of international harmonisation for the radio frequencies used by satellites, with the objective of preventing these systems from causing interference to one another or to other radiocommunication systems.
ITU Member States are responsible for the use of radiocommunication systems within their territories. In the Republic of Croatia, HAKOM is responsible for the assignment of radio frequencies, monitoring their use, and implementing internationally prescribed procedures.